Review of Psychology and Christianity 5 Views Essay

Assessment 1 Assessment 1 What does psychology have to do with the Christian faith? In Psychology and Christianity: Five Views, by Myers, Jones, Roberts, Watson, Coe, Hall, and Powlison (2010) is an introductory textbook for Christian psychology that provides sound arguments for an array of positions on psychology and faith. Each author contributed an essay and in return the other essayist respond by either agreeing or disagreeing by pointing out faults and explaining why. The first position by David G. Myers titled, â€Å"A-Levels-of-Explanation View,† who is a psychological scientist who supports that Christian theology and psychology are two very distinct disciplines, but they do share similar goals. Myers defines psychology as,†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, Jones uses homosexuality, like Myers, as a test case, but is very clear on what scripture says about this behavior and does not let data change his mind on this topic since the Authority of Scripture cannot be mistaken. The Christian Psychology view by Roberts and Watson, have a more historical and philosophical approach. They do not deny modern psychology, but argue that psychology has been around for the past 2500 years. For example, he brings up issues relevant today with the Sermon on the Mount instead of the science offered by todays establish psychologist. Roberts and Watson also claim that Christian psychologist should approach psychology with the bases of the Christian tradition. â€Å"Christians must approach the subject matter of humanity embracing what God has told us about what it mean to be fully human first; that then is our framework for engaging psychology as a social science† (p. 183). Roberts and Watson purpose a two-stage method: â€Å"to first appropriate the resources of the rich, Christian psychological tradition, and then to employ it in the advance of empirical science and applied science† (p.184). This is how a Christian understanding of the person can come to hypotheses that can be tested, therefore advancing our comprehension on humans. Lastly, theShow MoreRelatedDr. Entwistle s Psychology And Christianity With The Intent Of Using The Text For Undergraduate1255 Words   |  6 PagesIntegrativeApproaches to Psychology and Christianity with the intent of using the text for undergraduate coursework for students studying a wide variety of psychological forms. These forms of study include counseling and teaching as well as on the Graduate level for students studying Theology. The text begins with diverse worldviews intertwining Psychology and Christianity throughout various societies and each with its own deep rooted perspectives. 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Labeling Theory and Its Impact Essay - 1360 Words

Introduction: Have you ever experienced a time when your parents called you a genius and you truly felt like one? How about when a professor pointed fingers at you because he thought you were cheating on a test? Most certainly you felt some type of shame or guilt; or probably got so tired of your colleagues negative thoughts that you decided to embrace it and just go along with it. These are just a few examples of the impact that people’s opinions or thoughts can have on your reputation. Think for a second about the Stanford Prison Experiment, which demonstrates the influential role that a situation can play in human behavior. The individuals chosen to perform as guards were placed in a position of power and thus they began†¦show more content†¦Labeling theorists suggest that labeling individuals as deviant has the potential of becoming a self-fulfilling prophecy (Globokar, 2008). Howard Becker has described deviance as a â€Å"consequence of the application by others of rules and sanctions to an ‘offender’; the deviant is one to whom the label has successfully been applied; deviant behavior is behavior people so label† (Clinard Meier, 2011:89). Culture, sex, age and other elements of identity all shape self-conception, but the meanings that an individual places on various circumstances and interactions certainly play a very important role as well. It becomes difficult to normally interact with others once there is a negative impact of an individual’s reputation and the conception and expectations of others reinforces that reputation. I am very familiar with the effect that labeling can have on a person. My uncle in Cuba is a great example of what labeling can do to your persona. I grew up very close to him and remember always going on trips and he would play around with all the time; to me he was the greatest uncle in the world. One day I heard a comment that slipped out of the mouth of some friends and they referred to my uncle as a â€Å"thief† or â€Å"ratero†. It appeared that my uncle due to the need of food decided to â€Å"borrow† a chicken from a neighbor’s backyard; got caught and from there he obtained a new reputation. IShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at the Labeling Theory909 Words   |  4 Pages The labeling theory is one of the critical perspective sociological theories of crime . Labeling theory was the first of the critical perspectives and like the other critical perspectives, it considers defining crime, as well as applying a label to those who commit what is defined as a crime to be problematic. Among the issues addressed by labeling theory are defining deviance based on primary deviance through implementing a label on the offender, discrimination by formal institutions, as well asRead MoreSociological Theory Of Labelization967 Words   |  4 Pageseffect on self-perspective. 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Any person irrespective of their prominence in life is likely to become delinquents if they continue with negative social affiliations. Every aspect of the society, social and economic must be viewed using the social structure theories to find the cause of crime and deviance. The social structure theories consist ofRead MoreRelationship Between Police Intervention And Juvenile Delinquency1459 Words   |  6 Pagesamplification. There are two main theories that initiate America’s juvenile justice system: labeling and deterrence. Essentially, labeling proponents believe that official intervention increases delinquency and, oppositely, deterrence theorists argue that it cracks down on deviancy. Wiley et al. (2016:283) want to â€Å"inform this debate by examining the effect of being stopped or arrested on subsequent delinquent behavior and attitudes†. 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Marketing Development and Competitiveness

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Development and Competitiveness. Answer: Introduction Coca Cola Company was established in 1886 by Dr John Styth Pemberton and is the world most driving producer in drink industry. It works all-inclusive to more than 200 nations and delivers more than 400 refreshment brands. The number of drinks consumed per day is over 1.06 billion all around the world. The main objective of this industry is to supply everyone their favourite drink thereby satisfying wants and needs. It also aims at providing profit to the shareholders adopting strategic implementation to increase market share. The companys product includes syrups and beverages concentrations aiming at the finished beverages usages (Castronovo Huang, 2012). Being the most well-known trademark it gets the recognition by 94% of the total worlds population. Coca Cola utilizes publicizing as the principle source to build buyer mindfulness mostly being through TV and radio. This source helps reaching it to a larger audience. Companys back ground Coca cola presence began in 1886 with the creation of this distinct taste of soft drink sold at soda fountains. This flavoured syrup was deemed excellent making with naming the drink "Coca-Cola" planning the trademarked and particular script. The coca cola bottle was so distinctive that it recognised to set the brand apart from competition. For around 70 years the beverage produced and sold was flagship Coca Cola. After than many beverage selection and portions were made for every lifestyles, stages and occasion. Presently nearby 500 brands have been sold almost in 200 countries which amounts to 3500 beverages in various categories including low and non-calorie sparkling beverages, bottle water, energy drinks, sports, ready-to-drink teas, coffee, and regular. Available in mixing flavour combinations with new interactive fountain dispenser the company has a successful track record of product innovation (Dong, Janakiraman Xie, 2014). Owing to the changing needs among cultural diversit y Coca Cola is evident in taking initiatives from dedicated groups to identify emerging brands in innovation recycling programs and other packaging schemes. Even though the company is successful in selling its product to a wider range, there are still aspects where it can be improved in further observation. Now as per the marketing and advertising objectives it has to promote lesser known products under it to get more success (Iyer, Velu Mumit, 2014). In order to achieve these goals it plans in focusing its attention to advertise such products. Again it wants higher healthier lives i.e from choosing substituted goods. At this prosper advertising and marketing campaigns have increased the copanys brand power. Spending worth $3.37 billion of its 2013 revenues measured over loyalty points programs, point-of-sale marketing and store activations. Target/Segments Audiences As far as target market is concerned for Coca Cola the company has set certain limitations. The indications avoids for buying advertising in market audience ratio that includes who is 12 years under age. Now segmentation in marketing statement involves defining the appropriate products for different customers (Luxton, Reid Mavondo, 2015). The target group doesnt include any specific segment rather it adapts the strategy to develop new products. Concerning the coke addresses to everyone mainly the consumers belonging between 12-30 age people. This brand has succeeded in reaching these audiences through partnership among the consumers. Take for instances the restaurants, fast foods that are not upon gender basis but shows that both genders like this products to use it effectively. Even in case of life styles they are not targeted and are considered to be the most important part of coca cola consumers. Prepare communication objectives (e.g. IMC, brand awareness etc. etc.) Coca Cola has been launched in order to accomplish particular goals. Presently this is clear that fundamental target of this organization as a business substance is to amplify the benefit. Thus every effort has been put to achieve this primary objective. Even though the advertisement campaigns contributes for achieving this primary objective is many ways. In order to meet the marketing objectives the IMC strategic approach lies in dealing with growth and rate of the company. Now family brands are influenced driving the profitable growth, generating it through all channels and creating consistent services to the targeted customer (Petersen, Kushwaha Kumar, 2015). Through awareness among the people they face the products emphasizing to its competitors in market. Certain brands come with great taste that differentiates itself from other brands. Again, as the leader of the drinks it reinforces the brand to saturate with leading audiences. Creative strategy Coca Cola defined various criteria which assesses the success of the marketing campaign. This analysis helps is effectiveness building based upon the market share criteria. Now though the measure of effective integrated marketing communication, profitability is seen thus increasing the efficiency. The awareness is created for the company and among the related items. This focus is considered not as the primary objective because of high level of brand recognition that is widely known in the segment of the operation of the company. Secondly, it informs and educates the consumers and buyers showing the nutritional and health aspects of the coke. Again it reassures the customer to reinforce any particular desirable buying to behaviour (Parente Strausbaugh, 2014). It marketing objective is accomplished by integrating the consumption to the lifestyle of the customer. Another approach to evaluate success of marketing communication is through media. This involves building media relations ass essing through variety of media tools like number or total audience, number of journalists hosted, advertising equivalency, articles published, etc. As per the integrated approach to combine the comparative importance of the components and create a sensation builds the overall success of IM. This utilization will let Coca Cola continue as the market leader that will be recognized universally. Design message It is known that Coca Cola has billions to brand their beverage. Starting at the earlier advancement process this industry has helped cultivate culture in many countries one among is America. It led to a global sustainability program representing to commitment and making a difference in the world. There it emphasizes the importance of sustainability in the work they do pulling up the efforts being scattered in many divisions into a cohesive strategic. Now creative tools were employed to engage and design the entire visual system adding to the coke brand (Podnar Balmer, 2013). The design approach aims at simplifying to connect while supporting the commitment to offer choice. The design element helped uniting the trademark visually thereby refreshing and uplifting to new communicating messages. In order to give Coca Cola a modern look various modifications and re-imaginations were made featuring the sweeping lines and rounded corners. This imagination extended the global equity and ap pealed the original coca cola to come into life in campaign. Now featuring the product the heart of creativity allows customer to choose and suite as per their lifestyle, taste and diet. Develop media plan media strategy Media is considered as the most effective advertisement method that works upon the principle of published media and visual/aural media. Different types of media include newspaper, trade and professional press, internet as well as magazines. As for newspaper coca cola uses it widely for media advertising. Coca Cola has been occupied with promoting at this point for over 100 years. Essentially for magazines, this has likewise been broadly utilized at a worldwide level advertising the brands according to the reliability through the target customer segment (Pavlou Stewart, 2015). It has occupied the whole page of the magazine thus maximizing as positive impact of marketing initiatives. With respect to the web case this online notice is embraced through utilization of pop-up advertisements, flags, nearby sponsorships and other overing in a large number of sites. Coca Cola through TV is likewise expanding with the organization spending impressive measure of monetary assets and TV promotio ns in various nations changing from each other and considering the qualities of the nearby culture. This has however driven a positive effect of the TV notice activities. Budget It has been seen that more than 80 percent than $4 billion the company spends upon marketing. This is revealed as per the data put in 2013 where it spent $3.3 billion on advertisement. Due to the nature of the industry, Coca Cola makes a yearly commitment to such larger ad spending. Now this yearly advertising has increased steadily in the last 15 years. It is expected that coca cola might the advertisement budget to $1 billion b 2016. In 2014 coca cola became the largest advertiser in the beverage industry (Rawal, 2013). This allowed the industry to gain more competitive advantage in key areas. Again because of the spending and strategy successful introduction to new products into the marketplace was met leading to increase the brand equity and brand awareness and increasing the knowledge and overall sales. Evaluation An effective integrated marketing strategy is implemented effectively and is necessary for organizations in present day business word. Without it the odds to see the organization long haul development will be bargained. In this way to be fruitful the segments and all components of showcasing effort must be powerful. In this report I have talked about the related issues to Coca Cola Company bringing into concern their different items specifically. Here the organization depends on media broad development to lead its coordinated advertising correspondence technique. This strategy starts the leading procedure refering to scope of targets to accomplish and energize buyers. Keeping in mind the end goal to deliver the world's best known item, the organization needs to utilize the most astounding quality process along these lines building up measures that would ensure the creation of institutionalized item. This would some way or another meet customer desires every last time they look for drinking a container of Coca Cola. Presently add up to quality lies at the heart of procedure, thus coca cola puts mush emphasis on getting quality standards through continual seeking creative ways to improve its performance. Again, it has highlighted the peak point of media advertising strategy involving the route of better prospect handling through different media tools and arranging campaigns. As global companies needs generation of high profit levels; building an existing competitive advantage have to go through promotion and provision of value for money product. This is the same for Coca Cola for consistent expansion and development in its distribution system. References Castronovo, C. and Huang, L., 2012. Social media in an alternative marketing communication model.Journal of Marketing Development and Competitiveness,6(1), p.117. Dong, X., Janakiraman, R. and Xie, Y., 2014. The effect of survey participation on consumer behavior: The moderating role of marketing communication.Marketing Science,33(4), pp.567-585. Iyer, S., Velu, C. and Mumit, A., 2014. Communication and marketing of services by religious organizations in India.Journal of Business Research,67(2), pp.59-67. Luxton, S., Reid, M. and Mavondo, F., 2015. Integrated marketing communication capability and brand performance.Journal of Advertising,44(1), pp.37-46. Petersen, J.A., Kushwaha, T. and Kumar, V., 2015. Marketing communication strategies and consumer financial decision making: The role of national culture.Journal of Marketing,79(1), pp.44-63. Parente, D. and Strausbaugh-Hutchinson, K., 2014.Advertising campaign strategy: A guide to marketing communication plans. Cengage Learning. Podnar, K. and Balmer, J., 2013.Contemplating corporate marketing, identity and communication. Routledge. Pavlou, P.A. and Stewart, D.W., 2015. Interactive Advertising: A New Conceptual Framework Towards Integrating Elements of the Marketing Mix. InNew Meanings for Marketing in a New Millennium(pp. 218-222). Springer International Publishing. Rawal, P., 2013. AIDA Marketing Communication Model: Stimulating a purchase decision in the minds of the consumers through a linear progression of steps.IRCs International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Social Management,1, pp.37-44. Soba, M. and Aydin, M., 2013. Product placement efficiency in marketing communication strategy.International Journal of Business and Management,8(12), p.111. Schultz, D.E., Kim, I. and Kang, K., 2014. Integrated marketing communication research.The handbook of international advertising research, pp.455-483. Thorson, E. and Moore, J., 2013.Integrated communication: Synergy of persuasive voices. Psychology Press. Vernuccio, M. and Ceccotti, F., 2015. Strategic and organisational challenges in the integrated marketing communication paradigm shift: A holistic vision.European Management Journal,33(6), pp.438-449. Valos, M.J., Haji Habibi, F., Casidy, R., Driesener, C.B. and Maplestone, V.L., 2016. Exploring the integration of social media within integrated marketing communication frameworks: Perspectives of services marketers.Marketing Intelligence Planning,34(1), pp.19-40.

U.S. Governmentt Federalists Vs. Anti-Federalists Essays

U.S. Governmentt: Federalists Vs. Anti-Federalists The Federalists vs. The Anti-Federalists When the revolutionary war was over, the American colonists had found themselves free of British domination. Due to the fact that they were free from British control, they wanted to create their own system of government where tyranny would be practically diminished. Originally, the separate states were connected by The Articles of Confederation. But this document gave the central government no power of their own. Because of this, the states had many problems in international politics since they had just found freedom and did not have the respect of other countries. This caused a lot of thinking and it was decided that a document needed to be created to strengthen the central government and at the same time ensuring the safety of the states. So came to be the constitution. The constitution brought about a division between the American people. These two groups were the federalists, who believed that the constitution was good, and the anti-federalists who thought that the constitution would not be able to protect the rights of the people. These two groups had conflicting views but together, they both wanted the same thing. The same thing was that America should be controlled by the people by the principles of federalism. Both groups, the federalist and anti-federalists recognized the fact that power was being abused. They witnessed what had happened in the war and that their had been negative effects of power and the result was very clear. British vocation had made them very aware of the threat of corruption. Therefore, they wanted to make a government that would ensure the duration of an just republic. The federalists exclaimed that the constitution was the only way they could reach this goal of a just society. As James Wilson had said, the constitution would not give all the power to the legislature unless it was legally written down to ensure power was not mistreated. In the constitution, it does allow congress to make laws that help out the government in the area of execution of foreign powers. The view of the anti-federalists were obviously different. They believed that the power given to the congress was not safe since it put them too much in control. Hence they created the Bill of Rights to "establish justice, ensure domestic tranquillity and provide for the common defense..." The anti-federalists feared that the actual people would not be fairly represented by their new government since they would have the power to get rid of the individual rights of the people. The Bill of Rights claims it is for and by the people. Especially since America is so large, it does not ensure everyone's opinion would be heard. Many people did not like the idea of having representatives from each state because one man can not bring forth many different opinions. Anti-federalists believe that liberty only is present when there are few people and they can actually get their voice projected. In a large population, like America, the citizens do not get individual freedom and are deprived of their rights. Yet, Madison a federalist stated that in a small republic, tyranny could be much more assessable since it would be easier to dominate others. Unlike in a large republic which is made up of many views where as it is less chance that a few can dominate others. Even in individual states it is easy to elect officials since people can be easily controlled when there aren't many people. In other word, the more the people, the less chance of bribery and inducement. Another benefit of a larger republic is that there would be a variety of people representing them and their would be many candidates to pick from. Ensuring the highest quality government. In a small republic, options would be very select making it an unfair election. Besides finding officials to best represent the people, there were many other controversial topics that faced the American people. The topic of taxation brought about many different ideas of what should be. The anti-federalists believed that by forming a new system would be very challenging because that is what they know and use. The first problem they found was that states would not want to have two state taxes. This is unfair to the people. They also argued that a state tax was unfair since each state was different with different needs. This could very well destroy a state economically